The brushless DC motor (BLDC motor) is a persistent magnet synchronous electric motor propelled by direct current (DC).
They are commonly used in ceiling fans and electric vehicles due to their smooth operation. Compared to other DC motors, BLDC can function with three wires, making it a three-phase motor.
BLDC motors incorporate magnetic levitation in the rotor even though it does not require an electric voltage. They are widely used as they work perfectly to save power and have a much faster response due to lesser inertia.
BLDC Motor Types
There are three types of BLDC motors: Inner Rotor Motor, Outer Rotor Motor, and Disk Rotor Motor. Let’s understand them bit by bit.
1. Inner Rotor Motor
The Inner Rotor Motor is positioned within the stator, and a magnet is attached externally to the rotor. Due to the miniature design of the rotor and reduced moment of inertia, such motors work effectively in terms of power and torque reactivity. However, its rotor does not protect the warmth inside, leading to quick dissipation. That is why these motors are quite thrifty.
2. Outer Rotor Motor
In Outer Rotor Motor, the rotor is positioned outside the stator, and a permanent magnet is mounted within the rotor. The funnel-shaped rotor is typically rarely advised due to the primary kinetic energy. As a result, the speed and deceleration reactivity are weak when contrasted to inner rotor engines. Its rotors magnetically imprison heat within and prevent it from dissipating elsewhere.
3. Disk Rotor Motor
Disk Rotor Motor has a stator with windings and pole sensors installed on a circuit board. The persistent magnet is attached to the rotor’s base, perpendicular to the stator. Because it lacks a shaft, the load is put in the rotor.
Advantages of BLDC Motors:
- The cost of maintenance is quite less compared to conventional motors, as BLDC motors do not have any brushes to replace.
- BLDC motors are compact.
- The durability and efficiency of BLDC motors are higher than brushed DC motors.
- In BLDC motors, you can adjust the speed by controlling the input voltage.
- Once you give input, BLDC responds faster due to the low inertia in these motors.
- BLDC motors reduce radio frequency interference.
- In BLDC motors, the stator is outside, which helps in reducing the heat produced and controls the damage.
- BLDC motors make less noise compared to 3 HP induction motors.
- BLDC motors do not get affected by air moments.
Common Applications:
There are several applications of BLDC motors. Here are some of the most common applications.
- Radio-controlled transport model
- CNC machine tools
- Robotics
- Pumps & blowers
- Electric fans
- Electric vehicles
- Cordless power tools
- DVD players
- Washing machine
Wrapping it Up:
The advancement of technology has given BLDC motors a significant boost in terms of affordability and dependability. As a result, they’re becoming more common in modern electronics that demand low-noise and low-heat functioning. These motors are also used in different gadgets. While BLDC motor finds usage in DVD players, fans, electric vehicles, etc., a 3 HP induction motor has applications in crushers, hoists, exhaust fans, etc.
